Bộ bài tập cấu tạo từ tiếng Anh dưới đây được thiết kế dành cho học sinh bồi dưỡng, học sinh giỏi và người học trình độ từ B1 đến C1. Các bài tập tập trung vào khả năng nhận diện từ loại, sử dụng hậu tố, tiền tố, dạng phủ định, danh từ hóa, tính từ hóa và trạng từ hóa trong ngữ cảnh.
Học sinh nên làm lần lượt từ bài 1 đến bài 5. Mức độ khó sẽ tăng dần từ nhận biết cơ bản, vận dụng trong câu đơn, vận dụng trong đoạn văn đến các câu nâng cao tương đương B2-C1.
Bài 1: Trắc nghiệm ABCD về cấu tạo từ
Chọn đáp án đúng A, B, C hoặc D để hoàn thành mỗi câu.
| 1. His quick ________ helped the team solve the problem. | A. decide | B. decision | C. decisive | D. decisively |
| 2. She completed the project very ________. | A. success | B. successful | C. successfully | D. succeed |
| 3. The instructions were clear and easy to ________. | A. understand | B. understandable | C. understanding | D. misunderstood |
| 4. His ________ caused a serious accident. | A. careless | B. carelessly | C. carelessness | D. careful |
| 5. The new law aims to reduce environmental ________. | A. pollute | B. polluted | C. pollution | D. polluting |
| 6. She is highly ________ in solving difficult problems. | A. create | B. creation | C. creatively | D. creative |
| 7. His explanation was completely ________. | A. logic | B. logical | C. logically | D. illogic |
| 8. The children listened to the story with great ________. | A. excite | B. excited | C. excitement | D. exciting |
| 9. The medicine is highly ________ if used properly. | A. effect | B. effective | C. effectively | D. effectiveness |
| 10. Many students find this exercise extremely ________. | A. challenge | B. challenged | C. challenging | D. challengingly |
| 11. His answer was ________, so the teacher asked him to try again. | A. correct | B. incorrect | C. correctly | D. correction |
| 12. She has made remarkable ________ in English. | A. improve | B. improving | C. improvement | D. improved |
| 13. The village is famous for its ________ scenery. | A. beauty | B. beautiful | C. beautifully | D. beautify |
| 14. His speech was both informative and ________. | A. persuade | B. persuasion | C. persuasive | D. persuasively |
| 15. The old man spoke very ________ about his childhood. | A. emotional | B. emotion | C. emotionally | D. emotionalize |
| 16. It is ________ to cross the road without looking. | A. danger | B. dangerous | C. dangerously | D. endanger |
| 17. Good ________ between teachers and students is important. | A. communicate | B. communicative | C. communication | D. communicatively |
| 18. The result was totally ________. | A. expect | B. expected | C. unexpected | D. expectation |
| 19. He behaved very ________ during the interview. | A. confident | B. confidence | C. confidently | D. confidential |
| 20. The organization provides ________ support for poor children. | A. education | B. educational | C. educate | D. educationally |
Bài 2: Cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc trình độ B1
1. English is an ________ subject for many students. (IMPORTANCE)
2. She always does her homework ________. (CARE)
3. His parents are proud of his ________. (ACHIEVE)
4. The film was very ________, so we all enjoyed it. (INTEREST)
5. My brother wants to become a famous ________. (SCIENCE)
6. This book is very ________ for beginners. (USE)
7. The teacher explained the lesson ________. (CLEAR)
8. We should protect the environment from ________. (POLLUTE)
9. Her English has improved ________ this year. (GREAT)
10. He made a wrong ________ and lost the game. (DECIDE)
11. The room was full of ________ children. (NOISE)
12. She answered the questions with great ________. (CONFIDENT)
13. The test was not as ________ as I expected. (DIFFICULTY)
14. We need more ________ about this problem. (INFORM)
15. He is a very ________ person and always helps others. (KINDNESS)
16. They worked ________ to finish the project on time. (HARD)
17. This exercise helps students practise word ________. (FORM)
18. The new road will make travelling more ________. (CONVENIENCE)
19. She gave a very good ________ in class. (PERFORM)
20. His ________ made everyone laugh. (HONEST)
Bài 3: Đọc đoạn văn và cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc
Learning a foreign language is a long but rewarding process. Many students believe that vocabulary is the most important part of language learning. However, knowing a word does not only mean knowing its meaning. Students also need to understand its different forms and use them (1) ________ in sentences. (CORRECT)
For example, from the word success, learners can form successful, successfully and succeed. This kind of word knowledge is very (2) ________ because it helps students express ideas more accurately. (USE) In many English exams, word formation questions are designed to test both grammar and vocabulary. Therefore, students should pay careful (3) ________ to the position of the blank in each sentence. (ATTEND)
If the blank comes after an article or adjective, it may need a noun. If it follows a verb, it may need an adverb. In addition, students must consider whether the sentence needs a positive or negative meaning. For instance, careful and careless are both adjectives, but their meanings are completely (4) ________. (DIFFER)
One common mistake is that students change the word mechanically without reading the whole sentence. This often leads to (5) ________ answers. (CORRECT) To avoid this problem, learners should read the sentence carefully, identify the word class and check the meaning before writing their answer. Regular practice can greatly improve their (6) ________. (ABLE)
Teachers can also help by giving students word families and asking them to create their own sentences. This method encourages (7) ________ learning and helps students remember vocabulary better. (ACT) Moreover, learning word formation can improve students’ writing because they become more aware of formal and academic vocabulary. As a result, their essays may become more (8) ________. (IMPRESS)
In short, word formation is not simply a grammar exercise. It is an important skill that supports vocabulary growth, reading comprehension and writing (9) ________. (DEVELOP) Students who practise it regularly are more likely to use English (10) ________ and confidently. (EFFECT)
11. Many students find word formation ________ at first. (CHALLENGE)
12. They gradually become more ________ after regular practice. (CONFIDENCE)
13. Word families are especially ________ for vocabulary expansion. (HELP)
14. Some answers may be grammatically correct but ________ wrong in meaning. (COMPLETE)
15. Teachers should give clear ________ before students do the task. (INSTRUCT)
16. Learners need to avoid ________ changing words without context. (MECHANIC)
17. A good dictionary can provide ________ examples. (VALUE)
18. Word formation improves both accuracy and ________. (FLUENT)
19. Students should revise new words ________. (REGULAR)
20. This skill is highly ________ in advanced English exams. (IMPORTANCE)
Bài 4: Cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc trình độ B2
1. The government should take ________ measures to reduce air pollution. (EFFECT)
2. His explanation was rather ________, so nobody understood the main point. (CONFUSE)
3. The company has shown great ________ in dealing with the crisis. (FLEXIBLE)
4. The new policy has received strong ________ from local people. (OPPOSE)
5. Her speech was clear, logical and highly ________. (PERSUADE)
6. The students were encouraged to work more ________. (DEPEND)
7. It would be ________ to ignore the warning signs. (RESPONSIBLE)
8. The project aims to raise public ________ of environmental protection. (AWARE)
9. The two reports are not ________; there are several major differences. (CONSIST)
10. His lack of ________ made it difficult for him to complete the course. (MOTIVATE)
11. The article provides a detailed ________ of the problem. (ANALYSE)
12. The experiment was carried out under strict scientific ________. (SUPERVISE)
13. She showed great ________ when facing repeated failure. (DETERMINE)
14. The teacher gave us some ________ advice before the exam. (PRACTICE)
15. His behaviour was completely ________ in such a formal meeting. (ACCEPT)
16. The school is trying to improve students’ ________ skills. (COMMUNICATE)
17. The charity depends heavily on voluntary ________. (CONTRIBUTE)
18. There is a close ________ between health and lifestyle. (RELATE)
19. The instructions were ________, which caused many students to make mistakes. (CLEAR)
20. The city has become increasingly ________ because of heavy traffic. (NOISE)
Bài 5: Cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc trình độ C1
1. The minister’s statement was widely criticized for its ________. (ACCURATE)
2. His argument was intellectually strong but emotionally ________. (CONVINCE)
3. The plan was rejected because it was considered economically ________. (VIABLE)
4. The witness gave an ________ account of what had happened. (CONSIST)
5. Her ________ to criticism made cooperation almost impossible. (SENSE)
6. The report highlights the ________ of educational inequality. (PERSIST)
7. The company’s sudden ________ shocked both investors and employees. (COLLAPSE)
8. The politician’s answer was deliberately ________. (AMBIGUITY)
9. The proposal is theoretically attractive but ________ unrealistic. (PRACTICE)
10. The judge questioned the ________ of the evidence. (RELY)
11. His writing is admired for its clarity and ________. (PRECISE)
12. The policy may have serious ________ consequences. (INTEND)
13. The researcher warned against drawing ________ conclusions from limited data. (HASTE)
14. The manager was accused of showing ________ towards certain employees. (FAVOUR)
15. The solution seems simple, but its ________ is still uncertain. (APPLY)
16. The speaker presented a highly ________ analysis of modern society. (INSIGHT)
17. The reforms were introduced ________, causing confusion among teachers. (SYSTEM)
18. His comments were seen as ________ and deeply offensive. (RESPECT)
19. The data must be interpreted with great ________. (CAUTIOUS)
20. The committee demanded greater ________ in the decision-making process. (TRANSPARENT)
Đáp án bài tập cấu tạo từ nâng cao
Đáp án bài 1
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C
6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C
11. B 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C
16. B 17. C 18. C 19. C 20. B
Đáp án bài 2
1. important
2. carefully
3. achievement
4. interesting
5. scientist
6. useful
7. clearly
8. pollution
9. greatly
10. decision
11. noisy
12. confidence
13. difficult
14. information
15. kind
16. hard
17. formation
18. convenient
19. performance
20. honesty
Đáp án bài 3
1. correctly
2. useful
3. attention
4. different
5. incorrect
6. ability
7. active
8. impressive
9. development
10. effectively
11. challenging
12. confident
13. helpful
14. completely
15. instructions
16. mechanically
17. valuable
18. fluency
19. regularly
20. important
Đáp án bài 4
1. effective
2. confusing
3. flexibility
4. opposition
5. persuasive
6. independently
7. irresponsible
8. awareness
9. consistent
10. motivation
11. analysis
12. supervision
13. determination
14. practical
15. unacceptable
16. communication
17. contributions
18. relationship
19. unclear
20. noisy
Đáp án bài 5
1. inaccuracy
2. unconvincing
3. unviable
4. inconsistent
5. sensitivity
6. persistence
7. collapse
8. ambiguous
9. practically
10. reliability
11. precision
12. unintended
13. hasty
14. favouritism
15. applicability
16. insightful
17. unsystematically
18. disrespectful
19. caution
20. transparency
Gợi ý cách sử dụng bộ bài tập
Với học sinh B1, nên bắt đầu từ bài 1 và bài 2 để củng cố cách nhận biết từ loại. Với học sinh B2, nên làm kỹ bài 3 và bài 4 để luyện khả năng xử lý ngữ cảnh. Với học sinh khá giỏi hoặc ôn thi chuyên, bài 5 sẽ giúp mở rộng vốn từ học thuật và tăng khả năng xử lý các cấu trúc khó.
Để đạt hiệu quả tốt nhất, học sinh không nên chỉ xem đáp án mà cần tự phân tích vì sao từ đó là danh từ, tính từ, trạng từ hay động từ. Đây là cách học giúp ghi nhớ lâu và cải thiện khả năng làm bài cấu tạo từ trong các đề thi nâng cao.
